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Table 1 Distribution of sea anemones documented along the coast, islands and archipelagos of Venezuela

From: Sea anemones (Cnidaria: Actiniaria, Corallimorpharia, Ceriantharia, Zoanthidea) from marine shallow-water environments in Venezuela: new records and an updated inventory

  

West Coast

Central Coast

East Coast

Oceanic Islands

 
 

Species

Isla de Pájaros, Maracaibo

Morrocoy National Park

Isla Goaigoaza, Puerto Cabello

San Esteban National Park

Chichiriviche de la Costa

Playa Azul, litoral Central

Balneario Camuri Chico

Los Totumos

Mochima National Park

Araya

Playa San Luis, Cumaná

La Chica, Golfo de Cariaco

Laguna de Chacopata, Península de Araya

Isla Tortuga

Laguna de Piedras (Isla de Margarita)

Laguna de la Restinga (Isla de Margarita)

Isla de Cubagua

Isla de Coche

Isla Testigo Grande, Los Testigos

Isla Iguana, Los Testigos

Golfo de Paria

Archipiélago Los Roques National Park

Archipiélago la Orchilla

Isla La Blanquilla

Isla Los Hermanos

Isla de Aves

Open Sea Distribution

 

Order ACTINIARIA

 

Family Edwardsiidae Andres, 1881

1

Scolanthus curacaoensis

            

e, i

              
 

Family Actiniidae Rafinesque, 1815

2

Actinia bermudensis

 

e

   

e

e

                    

3

Actinostella flosculifera

 

a, e, *

 

e

 

a

e

e

e

 

e

e

   

a, j, *

a, *

 

e

  

*

 

a

   

4

Anemonia sargassensis

 

e

   

e

e

a, e

e

e

e

  

a, e

a

a, j, *

a, *

   

a

  

a

   

5

Anthopleura cascaia †

      

e

                    

6

Anthopleura krebsi

     

e

e

 

e

 

e

e

               

7

Anthopleura pallida

 

*, N

                         

8

Bunodosoma caissarum ?

     

e

e

    

e

               

9

Bunodosoma cangicum ?

     

e

e

   

e

e

               

10

Bunodosoma cavernatum

 

e

       

e

 

e

   

a

*

          

11

Bunodosoma granuliferum

 

a, e, *

 

e

 

e

a, e

e

 

e

e

e

 

e

 

j, *

           

12

Bunodosoma kuekenthali ?

           

e

               

13

Condylactis gigantea

e

a, e, g, *

e

e

 

a

e

 

*, e

e

 

e

      

e

e

 

e, *

     

14

Isoaulactinia stelloides

      

e

e

   

e

         

e

     

15

Phymactis sp.?

                  

e

e

    

a

  
 

Family Capneidae Gosse, 1860

16

Actinoporus elegans

 

e, *

      

*

                  
 

Family Homostichanthidae Carlgren, 1900

17

Homostichanthus duerdeni

 

e

   

a

       

a, e

             
 

Family Phymanthidae Andres, 1883

 

18

Phymanthus crucifer

 

a, e

   

a

 

a, e

e, *

e

 

e

 

e

a

 

a, e, *

 

e

e

       
 

Family Stichodactylidae Andres, 1883

19

Stichodactyla helianthus

 

a, e

 

e, h

   

a, e

e

e

 

e

 

a, e

a

a, j, *

a, e, *

a

e

  

e, *

 

a

 

a

 
 

Family Aiptasiidae Carlgren, 1924a

20

Bartholomea annulata

 

a, c, e, g, *

 

e

  

e

 

*, e

       

a, e, *

 

e

e

 

a, e, *

     

21

Bartholomea werneri †

 

e

                         

22

Exaiptasia pallida

 

a, e, *

   

a

  

e, *

 

e

e

  

a, e

j

a, *

 

e

  

*

     

23

Laviactis lucida

 

e

                

e

e

 

c, e, *

     
 

Family Aliciidae Duerden, 1895

24

Lebrunia coralligens

 

*

      

*

            

e, *

 

a

   

25

Lebrunia neglecta

 

a, e, *

      

e, *

 

a, e

  

e

  

a

    

e, *

 

a

   
 

Family Boloceroididae Carlgren, 1924b

26

Bunodeopsis antilliensis

 

a, e

 

e

 

a

         

a, e j, *

   

a

 

*

     
 

Family Diadumenidae Stephenson, 1920

27

Diadumene lineata

                    

a

      
 

Family Hormathiidae Carlgren, 1932

28

Calliactis tricolor

 

e

      

e

 

e

a

  

a

j, *

*

 

e

  

e

     

29

Monactis vestita

                          

d

 

Family Isophelliidae Stephenson, 1935

30

Telmatactis cricoides

        

*, e

e

   

e

       

e

 

a

   

31

Telmatactis vernonia

        

*, N

                  
 

Order CERIANTHARIA

 

Family Arachnanthidae McMurrich, 1910

32

Isarachnanthus nocturnus

 

e

  

*

     

e

e

         

e

     
 

Family Cerianthidae

33

Ceriantheopsis americanus

      

e

 

e

  

e

  

e

            

34

Ceriantheomorphe brasiliensis

       

e

                   

35

Pachycerianthus curacaoensis

          

e

e

      

e

        
 

Order CORALLIMORPHARIA

 

Family Corallimorphidae Hertwig, 1882

36

Corynactis caribbeorum

    

*

 

b

  

e

        

e

  

e

    

e

 

Family Discosomatidae Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864a

37

Discosoma carlgreni

 

e

                         

38

Rhodactis osculifera

                     

e

     
 

Order ZOANTHIDEA

 

Family Sphenopidae Hertwig, 1882

39

Palythoa caribaeorum

 

e, f,*

 

e, f

 

e

e

e

*, e

 

e

e

 

e

  

*

 

e

e

 

e, *

   

e

 

40

Palythoa mammillosa ?

 

e

 

e, f

 

e

e

e

e

 

e

  

e

       

e

e

    

41

Palythoa grandis

 

e

 

f

 

e

e

e

 

e

 

e

  

e

 

*

 

e

e

       

42

Palythoa variabilis

 

a, e

    

e

e

e

  

e

      

e

        
 

Family Zoanthidae

43

Isaurus duchassaingi

            

a

              

44

Zoanthus proteus †

 

e

         

e

               

45

Zoanthus pulchellus

 

e

      

e

e

 

e

      

e

  

*

     

46

Zoanthus sociatus

 

e, f,*

 

f

   

e

*, e

e

 

e

    

*

 

e

e

 

e, *

     

47

Zoanthus solanderi

   

f

  

e

 

e

  

e

               
 

Family Epizoanthidae Delage & Hirouard, 1901

48

Epizoanthus cutressi

                     

e

     
 

Family Parazoanthidae Delage & Hirouard, 1901

49

Parazoanthus catenularis

                     

e

     

50

Parazoanthus parasiticus

 

e, *

      

e, *

    

e

  

e

 

e

  

e, *

     

51

Parazoanthus puertoricense

           

e

         

e

     

52

Parazoanthus swiftii

                     

e, *

     
  1. Localities sampled in the present study in bold. (*) records documented in our surveys, (?) doubtful previous records, (†) species currently considered as invalid, (N) new records for Venezuela. Citation of previous records: (a) Specimens of the MOHBR scientific collection (see Appendix 2), (b) den Hartog (den Hartog 1980), (c) Knowlton and Keller (Knowlton & Keller 1985), (d) Riemann-Zürneck (Riemann 1986), (e) Agudo (Agudo 1987), (f) Bastidas and Bone (Bastidas & Bone 1996), (g) Bitter-Soto (Bitter-Soto 1999), (h) Henríquez and Palacios (Henríquez & Palacios 2008), (i) Liñero-Arana and González (Liñero-Arana & González 2008), (j) Carrasquel (Carrasquel 2012)
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Marine Biodiversity Records

ISSN: 1755-2672

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